Fostering Justice

Children Need a Lawyer

Abused, neglected and abandoned children are removed from their families each day and plunged into an under-resourced and overburdened dependency system that strives to serve their best interests. To be empowered, children need more than just the protection of well-meaning adults; they need a voice in the critical decisions that will decide their future. They need a lawyer to advocate among the courtroom of lawyers representing the many other parties trying to be heard by a judge. The judge needs the child's perspective alongside those of the other parties to determine what the best interests of the child are. When the state has exercised its ultimate power to strip children from their families, children need a champion. Children need a lawyer.

This video can also be accessed via YouTube. Please share this video with colleagues and on your social media sites. 

This video was funded through a partnership between the Section of Litigation and the Rocky Mountain Children’s Law Center and its generous donors Colleen Abdoulah, Kelley Carson and Ernest Sampson, and Steve and Deena Koundouriotis.

To secure a version of this video for PowerPoint presentations, contact Cathy Krebs.

How can you help secure lawyers for all foster youth?

• Share the 90-second PSA with your friends and colleagues. Even if you are in a state that provides lawyers for children, there are sometimes threats to funding for lawyers than can threaten this right. It is important that people understand why lawyers are important, so if this issue comes up legislatively in their state, they will know to support it.
• Find your local children’s law center through the ABA Directory of Children’s Law Programs to find out how you can support them. Many centers have programs through which you can volunteer or help their child clients, and you can help these centers with donations to their work.
• Check out our toolkit (below) to assist advocates in securing a right to counsel in their communities.
• If your state provides lawyers for children, support changes that help increase the quality of legal representation, such as low caseloads and good training and supervision for children’s lawyers.

Kids Have Rights Too

Judges make best-interest determinations for children. To have complete information, it is essential that every party be represented by lawyers. The state has a lawyer who makes best-interest recommendations, the parents have a lawyer representing their interests, and there is sometimes a CASA or guardian ad litem who makes best-interest recommendations.

So that the judge is fully informed, a child must have representation as well.

Children in state care suffer poor outcomes

• 47% report being unemployed one year after aging out of foster care.
• 45.4% report living on food stamps two to three years after aging out.
• 44.6% (male) and 16.4% (female) former foster children are incarcerated after aging out.
• 30.7% who grow up in foster care graduate from high school.
• 27% experience homelessness within a year after aging out of foster care.
• 3% have a bachelor degree.

Lawyers for children can improve these grim statistics. Lawyers assist in getting children into permanent homes more quickly, as cited in the University of Chicago Chapin Hall report "Expediting Permanency: Legal Representation for Foster Children in Palm Beach County". Lawyers assist children in transitioning from foster care into adulthood safely and successfully. Lawyers assist in securing the appropriate education, sibling contact, medical treatment, appropriate therapy. Through this work lawyers can assist in preventing the poor outcomes faced by many children in state care.  Additionally, children are more likely to accept the outcome of a case—even if it is not what they wanted—if they had a voice in the process through a lawyer. 

A lawyer who is bound by the applicable rules of professional conduct would never advocate on behalf of the minor client going back to an abusive parent under any circumstances. Rule 1.14 mandates that the lawyer act to prevent that result.

“When the state takes a child out of their home and into state custody, it seems to me that every single child that is the main focus of such a process is entitled to a lawyer to represent their rights against the state,” Rosemary Barkett, U.S. 11th Circuit Court of Appeals judge, told members of The Florida Bar Legal Needs of Children Committee. “If you do not protect due process, you don’t have anything else to protect. We cannot leave it to benevolent dictatorship,” Barkett said.

Toolkit for Change

• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel - Frequently Asked Questions
• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel – Voices from Fostering Justice (quotes in support of a Right to Counsel)
• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel – National Strategies to Advance a Right to Counsel (Themes from Fostering Justice)
• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel – Messaging a Right to Counsel for Different Audiences
• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel – Press Conference for Fostering Justice
• Toolkit for a Right to Counsel – Recommendations from Youth for a Right to Counsel

Additional Resources

• Materials from Congressional Briefing on a Child’s Right to Counsel, September 12, 2016
• Measuring the Impact of Children’s Rights to Counsel: Advancing Child Due Process and Well-being in the Juvenile Court Ecology
• A Child's Right to Counsel:  A National Report Card on Legal Representation for Abused & Neglected Children
• A Lawyer for Every Child: Client-directed Representation in dependency cases
• ABA Policy Regarding Children
• ABA Standards Of Practice For Lawyers Who Represent Children In Abuse And Neglect Cases
• Academic Literature on Child Representation
• Bibliography - Children’s Right to Counsel
• Engaging Foster Youth in the Right to Counsel Movement
• Evaluations of Child Representation
• Model Act Governing the Representation of Children in Abuse, Neglect and Dependency Proceedings
• State of Child Representation Practice in the U.S.
• National Coalition for a Civil Right to Counsel
• National Quality Improvement Center on the Representation of Children in the Child Welfare System
• Washington King5 Series on Fostering Justice
• What Difference Can a Quality Lawyer Make for a Child?
• Lawyers Making a Difference - The Impact of Lawyers for Children 
  

Contact

Cathy Krebs
Manager, Children's Rights Litigation Committee
[email protected]

• Children's Rights Litigation Committee
• CRLC Facebook page