Career
How Title IX Led to Olympic Gold
Nancy Hogshead-Makar
I came very close to missing the sudden burst of athletic opportunities created by Title IX, including an athletic scholarship to Duke University and my Olympic medals. Title IX passed in 1972, and the next year I started swimming seriously at age 11. The regulations applying the law to athletics were published in 1975, and I was headed to my first senior nationals at age 12. In 1977, I was ranked No. 1 in the world in the 200-meter butterfly at age 14.